Recent research published in The Journal of Nutrition highlights the health benefits of incorporating selenium-rich Brazil nuts into energy-restricted diets for women. The study reveals that regular consumption of Brazil nuts can significantly reduce inflammation and enhance gut health, presenting a viable dietary approach for managing obesity-related health issues.
Study Overview
Conducted at the Universidade Federal de Viçosa in Brazil, this eight-week nonrandomized controlled trial aimed to assess the effects of daily Brazil nut consumption on inflammatory biomarkers and intestinal permeability in overweight and obese women. Participants included adult women aged 20 to 55 with a body mass index (BMI) ranging from 27 to 30 kg/m² and at least one cardiometabolic risk factor.
Background on Obesity and Inflammation
Obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation and increased oxidative stress, contributing to serious health conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. This inflammatory state can disrupt intestinal permeability, exacerbating health issues. Brazil nuts, known for their high selenium content, may play a key role in controlling inflammation and improving gut health.
Methodology
Participants were divided into two groups: one followed a control diet without nuts, while the other consumed 8 grams of Brazil nuts daily. The goal was to achieve a minimum weight loss of 4 kg. Both groups maintained balanced diets with controlled fat intake, and various health metrics—including body composition and blood samples—were monitored before and after the intervention.
Key Findings
Out of 56 participants, 49 completed the study, and 46 were included in the analysis. The average age of participants was 34 years, with a majority classified as obese. While both groups experienced energy restrictions, the Brazil nut group exhibited significant increases in serum selenium levels, confirming adherence to the diet.
Notably, the Brazil nut group showed substantial reductions in inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-8 (IL-8). Additionally, the percentage of women in the Brazil nut group with normal CRP levels increased from 24% to 36%, while it dropped significantly in the control group.
Implications for Gut Health
The Brazil nut group also demonstrated lower lactulose excretion and improved intestinal permeability measures. Correlation analyses indicated that increases in serum selenium levels were associated with reduced proinflammatory cytokines, particularly IL-8 and IL-1β, suggesting a potential selenium-dependent mechanism behind these health benefits.
Conclusion
This study underscores the positive impact of Brazil nuts on reducing inflammation and improving gut health in women on energy-restricted diets. By highlighting the role of selenium in this process, the findings suggest that incorporating Brazil nuts could be a beneficial strategy for managing obesity-related conditions.
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